使用说明：
1. LY294002常见使用浓度范围为1-50μM。具体的最佳工作浓度请参考相关文献，或根据实验目的，以及所
   培养的特定细胞和组织，通过实验进行摸索和优化。

使用本产品的文献：
1. Tang XD, Zhou X, Zhou KY.
   Dauricine inhibits insulin-like growth factor-I-induced hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha
   protein accumulation and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human breast
   cancer cells.
   Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 May;30(5):605-16.
2. Liu HT, Li WM, Xu G, Li XY, Bai XF, Wei P, Yu C, Du YG.
   Chitosan oligosaccharides attenuate hydrogen peroxide-induced stress injury in human
   umbilical vein endothelial cells.
   Pharmacol Res. 2009;59(3):167-75. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
3. Zhong W, Zou G, Gu J, Zhang J.
   L-arginine attenuates high glucose-accelerated senescence in human umbilical vein
   endothelial cells.
   Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;89(1):38-45. Epub 2010 Apr 15.
4. Liu HT, Du YG, He JL, Chen WJ, Li WM, Yang Z, Wang YX, Yu C.
   Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits production of nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide
   synthase in lipopolysaccharide-induced N9 microglial cells through blockade of MAPK
   and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen
   species.
   J Ethnopharmacol. 2010;129(3):335-43. Epub 2010 Apr 3.
5. Du DS, Ma XB, Zhang JF, Zhou XY, Li Y, Zhang YM, Qiao WL.
   The protective effect of capsaicin receptor-mediated genistein postconditioning on
   gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
   Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55(11):3070-7. Epub 2010 Mar 3.
6. Chen SD, Chen YB, Peng Y, Xu J, Chen SS, Zhang JL, Li ZZ, Tan Z.
   Role of PI3K/Akt signaling in the protective effect of magnesium sulfate against
   ischemia-perfusion injury of small intestine in rats.
   Chin Med J (Engl). 2010 Jun;123(11):1447-52.
7. Zhang P, Chao H, Sun X, Li L, Shi Q, Shen W.
   Murine folliculogenesis in vitro is stage-specifically regulated by insulin via the Akt
   signalingpathway.
   Histochem Cell Biol. 2010 Jul;134(1):75-82.
8. Liu HT, Huang P, Ma P, Liu QS, Yu C, Du YG
   Chitosan oligosaccharides suppress LPS-induced IL-8 expression in human umbilical
   veinendothelial cells through blockade of p38 and Akt protein kinases.
   Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 Apr;32(4):478-86.
9. Shi H, Feng JM.
   Aristolochic acid induces apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro
   bysuppressing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
   Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 Aug;32(8):1025-30.
10.Jiang Z, Li S, Liu Y, Deng P, Huang J, He G.
   Sesamin induces melanogenesis by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and
   tyrosinaseup-regulation via cAMP signaling pathway.
   Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2011 Oct;43(10):763-70.
11.Tang ZN, Zhang F, Tang P, Qi XW, Jiang J.
   Hypoxia induces RANK and RANKL expression by activating HIF-1α in breast cancer cells.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 May 13;408(3):411-6.
12.Chen S, Liu AR, An FM, Yao WB, Gao XD.
   Amelioration of neurodegenerative changes in cellular and rat models of
   diabetes-relatedAlzheimer's disease by exendin-4.
   Age (Dordr). 2011 Sep 8.
13.Liu S, Li Y, Lin T, Fan X, Liang Y, Heemann U.
   High dose human insulin and insulin glargine promote T24 bladder cancer cell
   proliferation viaPI3K-independent activation of Akt.
   Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Feb;91(2):177-82.
14.Huang Q, Yang Y, Li X, Huang S.
   Transcription suppression of SARI (suppressor of AP-1, regulated by IFN) by BCR-ABL in
   humanleukemia cells.
   Tumour Biol. 2011 Dec;32(6):1191-7. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
15.Sheng X, Li M, Song S, Zhang N, Wang Y, Liang H, Wang W, Ji A.
   Sulfated polysaccharide isolated from the sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus
   promotesneurosphere migration and differentiation via up-regulation of N-Cadherin.
   Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2012 Apr;32(3):435-42.
16.Qiu J, Peng Q, Zheng Y, Hu J, Luo X, Teng Y, Jiang T, Yin T, Tang C, Wang G.
   OxLDL stimulates Id1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in endothelial cell angiogenesis via
   PI3KPathway.
   Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Jul 24;1821(10):1361-1369.
17.Yu L, Liu Y, Qiu Z, Liu S, Gao X, Zhu D.
   Cellular mechanisms and intracellular signaling pathways for the modulation of eNOS
   inpulmonary arteries by 15-HETE.
   J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2012 Apr;32(2):87-95.
18.Zhu F, Shen F, Fan Y, Xie Y, Xia Y, Kong Y.
   Osteopontin increases the expression of β1, 4-Galactosyltransferase-I and promotes
   adhesion inhuman RL95-2 cells.
   Glycoconj J. 2012 Jul 31.
19.Li HX, Kong FJ, Bai SZ, He W, Xing WJ, Xi YH, Li GW, Guo J, Li HZ, Wu LY, Wang R,
   Yang GD, Tian Y, Xu CQ.
   Involvement of calcium-sensing receptor in oxLDL-induced MMP-2 production in vascular
   smoothmuscle cells via PI3K/Akt pathway.
   Mol Cell Biochem. 2012 Mar;362(1-2):115-22.
20.Li W, Wang G, Zhang H, Shen Y, Dai J, Wu L, Zhou J, Jiang Z, Li K.
   Inability of NS1 protein from an H5N1 influenza virus to activate PI3K/Akt signaling
   pathwaycorrelates to the enhanced virus replication upon PI3K inhibition.
   Vet Res. 2012 Apr 24;43(1):36.
21.Rao J, Li J, Liu Y, Lu P, Sun X, Sugumaran PK, Zhu D.
   The key role of PGC-1α in mitochondrial biogenesis and the proliferation of pulmonary
   arteryvascular smooth muscle cells at an early stage of hypoxic exposure.
   Mol Cell Biochem. 2012 Aug;367(1-2):9-18.
22.Zhou FT, Chen SC, Xiong JP, Li YH, Qu L.
   Luteolin Reduces Zinc-Induced Tau Phosphorylation at Ser262/356 in an ROS-Dependent
   Manner inSH-SY5Y Cells.
   Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 Apr 14.
23.Gong C, Liao H, Wang J, Lin Y, Qi J, Qin L, Tian LQ, Guo FJ.
   LY294002 induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cancer stem-like cells from
   human osteosarcoma viadown-regulation of PI3K activity.
   Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(7):3103-7.
24.Liu Q, Zheng J, Yin DD, Xiang J, He F, Wang YC, Liang L, Qin HY, Liu L, Liang YM, Han H.
   Monocyte to macrophage differentiation-associated (MMD) positively regulates ERK and Akt
   activation and TNF-α and NO production in macrophages.
   Mol Biol Rep. 2012 May;39(5):5643-50. doi: 10.1007/s11033-011-1370-5.
   Epub 2011 Dec 28.
25.Feng Y, Dai X, Li X, Wang H, Liu J, Zhang J, Du Y, Xia L.
   EGF signalling pathway regulates colon cancer stem cell proliferation and apoptosis.
   Cell Prolif. 2012 Oct;45(5):413-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00837.x.
26.Wang K, Zhao X, Kuang C, Qian D, Wang H, Jiang H, Deng M, Huang L.
   Overexpression of SDF-1α enhanced migration and engraftment of cardiac stem cells and
   reduced infarcted sizevia CXCR4/PI3K pathway.
   PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e43922. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043922. Epub 2012 Sep 11.
27.Song DY, Huang QH, Zhou BR, Xu Y, Yin ZQ, Permatasari F, Luo D.
   Tanshinone IIA inhibits the dihydrotestosterone-induced secretion of lipids and
   activation of sterol regulatoryelement binding protein-1 in HaCaT cells.
   Exp Ther Med. 2012 Aug;4(2):339-343. Epub 2012 May 22.
28.Tian J, Jiang Y.
   Insulin upregulates the expression of zinc finger and BTB domain-containing 7A in HepG2
   cells.
   Mol Med Rep. 2012 Dec;6(6):1379-84. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1113. Epub 2012 Oct 1.
29.Yuan L, Wang J, Xiao H, Xiao C, Wang Y, Liu X.
   Isoorientin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of
   PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inHepG2 cancer cells.
   Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2012 Nov 15;265(1):83-92. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.09.022.
   Epub 2012 Sep 28.
30.Zhang QH, Zu XY, Cao RX, Liu JH, Mo ZC, Zeng Y, Li YB, Xiong SL, Liu X, Liao DF, Yi GH.
   An involvement of SR-B1 mediated PI3K-Akt-eNOS signaling in HDL-induced cyclooxygenase 2
   expression andprostacyclin production in endothelial cells.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Mar 30;420(1):17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.
   2012.02.103. Epub 2012 Feb 27.
31.Wu J, Meng J, Du Y, Huang Y, Jin Y, Zhang J, Wang B, Zhang Y, Sun M, Tang J.
   RACK1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion capacity of mouse
   hepatocellular carcinoma cell line invitro probably by PI3K/Rac1 signaling pathway.
   Biomed Pharmacother. 2013 May;67(4):313-9. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.01.011.
   Epub 2013 Feb 18.
32.Zhou QL, Yang CX, Liang H, Liu HZ, Wang HB, Liu Y, Lai XH, Gu MN.
   WITHDRAWN: Propofol reduces MMPs expression by inhibiting PI3K/AKT activity in human
   HepG2 cells.
   Biomed Pharmacother. 2013 Feb 14. pii: S0753-3322(13)00008-5. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.
   2013.01.005.
33.Sun J, Zhu H, Liu C, Li M, Hua J.
   GDNF Up-Regulates c-Myc Transcription via the PI3K/Akt Pathway to Promote Dairy
   Goat Male Germline Stem Cells (mGSC) Proliferation.
   Journal of Integrative Agriculture.Volume 12, Issue 6, June 2013, Pages 1054–
   1065.
34.Xue P, Wu X, Zhou L, Ma H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Ma J, Li Y.
   IGF1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from rat bone
   marrow by increasingTAZ expression.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Apr 5;433(2):226-31.
35.Zhang H, Li D, Cao H, Lu X, Chu Y, Bai Y, Jin Y, Peng S, Dou Z, Hua J.
   Conophylline Promotes the Proliferation of Immortalized Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived
   from Fetal Porcine Pancreas (iPMSCs).
   Journal of Integrative Agriculture.Volume 12, Issue 4, April 2013, Pages 678–686.
36.Bai T, Lian LH, Wu YL, Wan Y, Nan JX.
   Thymoquinone attenuates liver fibrosis via PI3K and TLR4 signaling pathways in activated
   hepatic stellate cells.
   Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 Feb;15(2):275-81. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.12.020.
   Epub 2013 Jan 12.
37.Xu Z, Liu D, Fan C, Luan L, Zhang X, Wang E.
   DIXDC1 increases the invasion and migration ability of non-small-cell lung cancer cells
   via the PI3K-AKT/AP-1pathway.
   Mol Carcinog. 2013 Jun 29. doi: 10.1002/mc.22059.
38.Ding ZY, Jin GN, Liang HF, Wang W, Chen WX, Datta PK, Zhang MZ, Zhang B, Chen XP.
   Transforming growth factor β induces expression of connective tissue growth factor in
   hepatic progenitor cellsthrough Smad independent signaling.
   Cell Signal. 2013 May 28;25(10):1981-1992. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.05.027.
39.Liang L, Luo M, Fu Y, Zu Y, Wang W, Gu C, Zhao C, Li C, Efferth T.
   Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) exerts cytoprotective effects against oxidative
   stress through the Nrf2-dependentantioxidant pathway.
   Toxicol Lett. 2013 Jun 7;219(3):254-61. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.008.
   Epub 2013 Mar 25.
40.Al Zobair AA, Al Obeidy BF, Yang L, Yang C, Hui Y, Yu H, Zheng F, Yang G, Xie C, Zhou F,
   Zhou Y.
   Concomitant overexpression of EGFR and CXCR4 is associated with worse prognosis in a new
   molecularsubtype of non-small cell lung cancer.
   Oncol Rep. 2013 Apr;29(4):1524-32. doi: 10.3892/or.2013.2254. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
41.Gao AM, Ke ZP, Wang JN, Yang JY, Chen SY, Chen H.
   Apigenin sensitizes doxorubicin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402/ADM cells
   to doxorubicin viainhibiting PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
   Carcinogenesis. 2013 May 6.
42.Zhang P, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Song Y, Zhang J, Zhao H.
   Focal adhesion kinase mediates atrial fibrosis via the AKT/S6K signaling pathway in
   chronic atrial fibrillationpatients with rheumatic mitral valve disease.
   Int J Cardiol. 2013 Apr 29. pii: S0167-5273(13)00749-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.
   2013.04.113.
43.Ma L, Li J, Wang G, Gong S, Zhang L, Li K, Ji X, Liu Y, Chen P, Xiang X.
   Atrial natriuretic peptide suppresses Th17 development through regulation of cGMP-
   dependent protein kinaseand PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
   Regul Pept. 2013 Feb 10;181:9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2012.12.003. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
44.Wang H, Zhao L, Zhu LT, Wang Y, Pan D, Yao J, You QD, Guo QL.
   Wogonin reverses hypoxia resistance of human colon cancer HCT116 cells via
   downregulation of HIF-1α andglycolysis, by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
   Mol Carcinog. 2013 Jun 13. doi: 10.1002/mc.22052.
45.Ma J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Liu M, Wei L, Shen T, Ma C, Wang Y, Chen Y, Zhu D.
   15-lipoxygenase-1/15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid promotes hepatocellular cancer cells
   growth through protein kinase B and heat shock protein 90 complex activation.
   Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2013 Jun;45(6):1031-41. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.02.018.
   Epub 2013 Mar 6.
46.Wang J, Yuan L, Xiao H, Xiao C, Wang Y, Liu X.
   Momordin Ic induces HepG2 cell apoptosis through MAPK and PI3K/Akt-mediated
   mitochondrial pathways.
   Apoptosis. 2013 Jun;18(6):751-65. doi: 10.1007/s10495-013-0820-z.
47.Xuejiao S, Yong X, Ningyu W, Lidan Z, Xuanhong S, Youzhi X, Tinghong Y, Yaojie S,
   Yongxia Z, Luoting Y.
   A Novel Benzothiazole Derivative YLT322 Induces Apoptosis via the Mitochondrial
   Apoptosis Pathway In Vitrowith Anti-Tumor Activity in Solid Malignancies.
   PLoS One. 2013 May 30;8(5):e63900. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063900. Print 2013.
48.Zhou Y, Zhu N, Wang X, Wang L, Gu LJ, Yuan WJ.
   Interferon regulatory factor 4 binding protein is a novel p53 target gene and suppresses
   cisplatin-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells.
   Arch Virol. 2013 Feb;158(2):425-33. doi: 10.1007/s00705-012-1508-3. Epub 2012 Oct 18.
49.Liu T, Yi W, Feng B, Zhou Z, Xiao G.
   IGF-1-induced enhancement of PRNP expression depends on the negative regulation of
   transcription factor FOXO3a.
   PLoS One. 2013 Aug 14;8(8):e71896. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071896. eCollection
   2013.
50.Luo X, Dong Z, Chen Y, Yang L, Lai D.
   Enrichment of ovarian cancer stem-like cells is associated with epithelial to
   mesenchymal transition through an miRNA-activated AKT pathway.
   Cell Prolif. 2013 Aug;46(4):436-46. doi: 10.1111/cpr.12038.
51.Gao X, He Y, Gao LM, Feng J, Xie Y, Liu X, Liu L.
   Ser9-phosphorylated GSK3β induced by 14-3-3ζ actively antagonizes cell apoptosis in a
   NF-κB dependent manner.
   Biochem Cell Biol. 2014 Oct;92(5):349-56. doi: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0065. Epub 2014 Jul
   17.
52.Jia Y, Zuo D, Li Z, Liu H, Dai Z, Cai J, Pang L, Wu Y.
   Astragaloside IV inhibits doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis mediated by
   mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
   Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2014;62(1):45-53.
53.Yuan H, Chen R, Wu L, Chen Q, Hu A, Zhang T, Wang Z, Zhu X.
   The Regulatory Mechanism of Neurogenesis by IGF-1 in Adult Mice.
   Mol Neurobiol. 2014 Apr 29.
54.Deng J, Huang Q, Wang Y, Shen P, Guan F, Li J, Huang H, Shi C.
   Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha regulates autophagy to activate hepatic stellate cells.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014 Nov 14;454(2):328-34. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.
   2014.10.076. Epub 2014 Oct 22.
55.Wu J, Feng X, Zhang B, Li J, Xu X, Liu J, Wang X, Wang J, Tong X.
   Blocking the bFGF/STAT3 interaction through specific signaling pathways induces
   apoptosis in glioblastoma cells.
   J Neurooncol. 2014 Oct;120(1):33-41. doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1529-8. Epub 2014 Jul 22.
56.Song L, Jia Y, Zhu W, Newton IP, Li Z, Li W.
   N-terminal truncation mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli are associated with
   primary cilia defects.
   Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2014 Oct;55:79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.08.010. Epub
   2014 Aug 21.
57.Du XH, Zhou XL, Cao R, Xiao P, Teng Y, Ning CB, Liu HL.
   FSH-induced p38-MAPK-mediated dephosphorylation at serine 727 of the signal transducer
   and activator of transcription 1 decreases Cyp1b1 expression in mouse granulosa cells.
   Cell Signal. 2015 Jan;27(1):6-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct
   12.